feud: [13] Feud signifies etymologically the ‘condition of being a foe’. It was borrowed from Old French fede or feide, and originally meant simply ‘hostility’; the modern sense ‘vendetta’ did not develop until the 15th century. The Old French word in turn was a borrowing from Old High German fēhida. This was a descendant of a prehistoric Germanic *faikhithō, a compound based on *faikh- ‘hostility’ (whence English foe).
Old English had a parallel descendant, fāhthu ‘enmity’, which appears to have died out before the Middle English period. It is not clear how the original Middle English form fede turned into modern English feud (the first signs of which began to appear in the late 16th century). => foe
feud (n.)
c. 1300, fede "enmity, hatred, hostility," northern English and Scottish, ultimately (via an unrecorded Old English word or Old French fede, faide "war, raid, hostility, hatred, enmity, feud, (legal) vengeance," which is from Germanic) from Proto-Germanic *faihitho (compare Old High German fehida "contention, quarrel, feud"), noun of state from adjective *faiho- (cognates: Old English f?he "enmity," fah "hostile;" German Fehde "feud;" Old Frisian feithe "enmity").
This is from PIE root *peig- (2), also *peik- "evil-minded, hostile" (see foe). Sense of "vendetta" is early 15c. Alteration of spelling in 16c. is unexplained. Meaning "state of hostility between families or clans" is from 1580s.
feud (v.)
1670s, from feud (n.). Related: Feuded; feuding.
雙語例句
1. The feud with the Catholics goes back to the 11th century.
與天主教的夙怨可以追溯到11世紀。
來自柯林斯例句
2. He also began a running feud with Dean Acheson.
他也開始接二連三地和艾奇遜院長發生爭執。
來自柯林斯例句
3. a long-running feud between the two artists
兩個藝術家之間的夙怨
來自《權威詞典》
4. Sadly, the feud sums up the relationship between Lord Bath and the man who succeeds him.
不幸的是，巴思勛爵和他的繼任者之間的關系只能用“積怨已久”來概括。
來自柯林斯例句
5. What were the beginnings of this tragic feud across the Rhine?