• n. 困苦；苦難；艱難險阻

hard,艱難的，-ship,抽象名詞后綴。

hardship (n.)

c. 1200, "quality of being hard" (obsolete), from hard (adj.) + -ship. Meaning "disadvantage, suffering, privation" is c. 1400.

1. Many people are suffering economic hardship.

很多人正處于經濟困難之中。

來自柯林斯例句

2. Housing benefit provides a cushion against hardship.

住房福利可以減輕人們生活的艱辛。

來自柯林斯例句

3. Hardship and penury wore him out before his time.

受窮受苦使他未老先衰.

來自《簡明英漢詞典》

4. He was willing to face any hardship in fulfillment of his duty.

他愿意面對任何困難去履行他的職責.

來自《簡明英漢詞典》

5. The tax increases will, in the aggregate, cause much hardship.

增加稅收歸結起來造成很多困難.

來自《簡明英漢詞典》