• vt. 鞭打；蹂躪；嚴(yán)斥；痛斥
• n. 鞭；災(zāi)禍；鞭子；苦難的根源

來(lái)自盎格魯法語(yǔ) escorge,鞭子，來(lái)自古法語(yǔ) escorgier,鞭打，鞭刑，可能來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ) excoriare, 剝皮，來(lái)自 ex-,向外，corium,皮膚，獸皮，來(lái)自 PIE*sker,砍，切，分開(kāi)，詞源同 shear,excoriate. 引申詞義災(zāi)害，禍害。參照 Scourge of God,上帝之鞭，原指歐洲人對(duì)西漢時(shí)期入侵歐洲的匈 奴王的稱(chēng)號(hào)，后指元朝時(shí)再次入侵歐洲的成吉思汗。

scourge

scourge: [13] Scourge comes ultimately from a Latin word for a ‘long strip of leather’, corrigio, which itself was borrowed from Celtic. It had a number of specific applications, including ‘shoelace’, ‘rein’, and ‘whip’, and it was the last that formed the basis of the Vulgar Latin verb *excorrigiāre ‘whip’, which passed into English via Old French escorgier and its derived noun escorge.

scourge (n.)

c. 1200, "a whip, lash," from Anglo-French escorge, back-formation from Old French escorgier "to whip," from Vulgar Latin *excorrigiare, from Latin ex- "out, off" (see ex-) + corrigia "thong, shoelace," in this case "whip," probably from a Gaulish word related to Old Irish cuimrech "fetter," from PIE root *reig- "to bind" (see rig (v.)). Figurative use from late 14c. Scourge of God, title given by later generations to Attila the Hun (406-453 C.E.), is attested from late 14c., from Latin flagellum Dei.

scourge (v.)

c. 1300, "to whip," from Old French escorgier and from scourge (n.). Figurative meaning "to afflict" (often for the sake of punishment or purification) is from late 14c. Related: Scourged; scourging.

1. Drugs are a scourge that is devastating our society.

毒品是破壞我們社會(huì)的一大禍害。

來(lái)自柯林斯例句

2. The cruel captain used a scourge on his disobedient sailor.

那殘忍的船長(zhǎng)鞭打不服從命令的水手.

來(lái)自《現(xiàn)代英漢綜合大詞典》

3. After the scourge of war came the scourge of disease.

戰(zhàn)亂之后瘟疫接踵而來(lái).

來(lái)自《現(xiàn)代英漢綜合大詞典》

4. The scourge of racial tyranny should never again be allowed to raise its ugly head.

永遠(yuǎn)不能讓種族主義暴政的禍患重新抬頭。

來(lái)自柯林斯例句

5. Farmers don't need much prompting to tell you that "flaming dog owners" are the scourge of their lives.

不用怎么提示農(nóng)場(chǎng)主們就會(huì)告訴你，“該死的養(yǎng)狗人”是他們生活的災(zāi)星。

來(lái)自柯林斯例句